Welcome to Week Two! I hope you're well.
Thank you to those of you who have already submitted your signed Teilleistung form to me. For those of you who haven't done this yet, please submit that to me via email by April 10, 2020. The form is available on our Ilias page.
You will find two new folders on the Ilias page: one containing new listening and reading comprehension tasks for this week (on the topics of trade deals and pricing) and the other containing articles that might be useful for you in completing your Teilleistung (don't forget: the deadline is April 20, 2020 at 10 am). You'll also find an interesting ad from the company Groupon posted on Ilias, which might be of interest for those of you writing anything pertaining to marketing for your Teilleistung.
I have also posted a exercise (and its answers) for vocabulary on trade. Another great vocab exercise can be accessed here: https://www.businessenglishebook.com/Business-English-International-Trade-Quiz-One.htm
This week's optional writing task can be found in the article on Brexit. This is due by Thursday, April 2, 2020 at 5:00 pm. Unfortunately, there have already been instances of plagiarism in the written assignments for this class. Your Teilleistung MUST be free of plagiarism, otherwise you will fail the task. If you are in doubt, take the following quiz on avoiding plagiarism: https://web.williams.edu/wp-etc/acad-resources/survival_guide/CitingDoc/QuizAPA.php This is part of the reason why you are practicing paraphrasing and putting ideas into your own words in the weekly comprehension assignments. If you still have questions or concerns regarding what constitutes plagiarism, please contact me.
Sample answers for the reading comprehension tasks from last week can now be found in the Week One folder on Ilias.
Sunday, March 29, 2020
Kulturraumstudien USA, Work for Week Two
I hope you all are doing well! Last week, you watched how European immigration to the United States in the late 19th century/early 20th century shaped the start of the US film industry. This week we'll be honing in on one key aspect of 19th century European immigration to the US: that of German immigration. (I know it looks like a lot of content, but the videos are actually rather short.)
Begin by watching this video from the Deutsches Auswandererhaus Bremerhaven (their main site can be accessed here: https://www.bremerhaven.de/de/tourismus/museen-erlebniswelten/deutsches-auswandererhaus-bremerhaven.16123.html): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JVPH8Dm8bWU
Answer these questions:
1. Which US state did the first German immigrants migrate to?
2. Name the three reasons why the US was attractive to Germans.
3. How many US citizens claim to have German heritage?
4. What role did German immigrants to the US play in shaping the notion of an American dream?
Watch this video focusing on Pennsylvania's Amish and answer the questions that follow: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JQdb0giFVsQ
1. What does Pennsylvania Dutch refer to?
2. What is the Ordnung for the Amish?
3. What is Rumspringa?
4. How many Amish live in Lancaster County?
5. Why are geneticists interested in Amish communities?
Many Germans also emigrated to Texas in the 19th century. Watch this video on public education in New Braunfels, Texas amongst the German Texans: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XQxCHHpimjU
1. What did the German community establish in New Braunfels, Texas?
2. How did this community come to fund its school? Why was this measure groundbreaking for its time?
Continue with German Texans and tension during the Civil War: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wy-r-yyc6dc
1. Why was there tension between Texans and German immigrants to Texas during the Civil War?
2. What were the consequences of this tension?
3. What did German immigration to Texas look like after the Civil War?
4. Who were Robert Justus Kleberg and Alice King, Dr. Ferdinand Herff, and John O. Meusebach (this will require some outside research)?
Now have a look at anti-German sentiment in the United States during WWI and its effects: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FW8j_CHCOMQ
1. What form did anti-German sentiment take in WWI?
2. Who led the campaign to register and interrogate hundreds of thousands of German-Americans? What would this man later become (this requires outside research)?
3. The United States is known for prominently displaying its flag. What influence did this period of time have on the practice?
Texas German is a bonafide dialect of German that is still spoken today. The effects of WWI and WWII make it one that will most likely die out entirely by 2050. Have a look at this video on Texas German and answer the following questions: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vwgwpUcxch4
1. How is Texas German different from Standard German?
2. Where can one hear Texas German today?
(You might be interested in Dr. Hans Boas' Texas German Dialect page, available here: https://tgdp.org/)
Now listen to this extended clip of a Texas German speaker and identify some of its features (I know it might initially just sound like an American with a strong accent speaking standard German, but listen more closely and you'll notice distinct syntactic and lexical differences): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1_dH403pqRU
Compare Texas German with Pennsylvania Dutch. What are the differences? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mhUPyhsnlQ8
If Spanish is your F1 or F2, I would like you to investigate Spanglish and compare its features with standard Spanish. If French is your F1 or F2, I'd like you to investigate Cajun French and compare its features with standard French. In addition, answer the following questions: approximately how many speakers does the dialect have? Where is the dialect spoken (and taught, if applicable)? Are there any controversies associated with the dialect?
As was the case last week, you are welcome to send your work to me via email.
Links that might be of interest:
Ellis Island's (the famous port of entry in New York) passenger search engine with which you can look up ancestors who were registered (the last hit for "Stavroudis" is my own father): https://www.libertyellisfoundation.org/passenger
Official webpage of the German Free School in Austin, Texas, whose events I attended when I lived there: http://germantexans.org/
The story of one of the US' most famous German immigrants, Levi Strauss: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hlJ911HYEuY
Some of you might be watching the mini-series "Self Made" on Netflix right now. You might be interested in checking out these short videos on Madam C.J. Walker: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wEKXMHIGmrQ
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DLpT97qXLKk
And now for some music:
Marian Hill "Got It" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iAMhMU9EC-w
Esperanza Spalding "Jazz Ain't Nothin' But Soul" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=03MXhKZqG9Y
Spoon "Don't You Evah" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sSu6ixOlzmc
half alive "still feel" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KOOhPfMbuIQ&list=RDKOOhPfMbuIQ&start_radio=1
Bishop Briggs "Dark Side" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=akrnJEjUUm4
J Dilla "Life" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Agl1TgVfls0
Begin by watching this video from the Deutsches Auswandererhaus Bremerhaven (their main site can be accessed here: https://www.bremerhaven.de/de/tourismus/museen-erlebniswelten/deutsches-auswandererhaus-bremerhaven.16123.html): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JVPH8Dm8bWU
Answer these questions:
1. Which US state did the first German immigrants migrate to?
2. Name the three reasons why the US was attractive to Germans.
3. How many US citizens claim to have German heritage?
4. What role did German immigrants to the US play in shaping the notion of an American dream?
Watch this video focusing on Pennsylvania's Amish and answer the questions that follow: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JQdb0giFVsQ
1. What does Pennsylvania Dutch refer to?
2. What is the Ordnung for the Amish?
3. What is Rumspringa?
4. How many Amish live in Lancaster County?
5. Why are geneticists interested in Amish communities?
Many Germans also emigrated to Texas in the 19th century. Watch this video on public education in New Braunfels, Texas amongst the German Texans: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XQxCHHpimjU
1. What did the German community establish in New Braunfels, Texas?
2. How did this community come to fund its school? Why was this measure groundbreaking for its time?
Continue with German Texans and tension during the Civil War: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wy-r-yyc6dc
1. Why was there tension between Texans and German immigrants to Texas during the Civil War?
2. What were the consequences of this tension?
3. What did German immigration to Texas look like after the Civil War?
4. Who were Robert Justus Kleberg and Alice King, Dr. Ferdinand Herff, and John O. Meusebach (this will require some outside research)?
Now have a look at anti-German sentiment in the United States during WWI and its effects: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FW8j_CHCOMQ
1. What form did anti-German sentiment take in WWI?
2. Who led the campaign to register and interrogate hundreds of thousands of German-Americans? What would this man later become (this requires outside research)?
3. The United States is known for prominently displaying its flag. What influence did this period of time have on the practice?
Texas German is a bonafide dialect of German that is still spoken today. The effects of WWI and WWII make it one that will most likely die out entirely by 2050. Have a look at this video on Texas German and answer the following questions: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vwgwpUcxch4
1. How is Texas German different from Standard German?
2. Where can one hear Texas German today?
(You might be interested in Dr. Hans Boas' Texas German Dialect page, available here: https://tgdp.org/)
Now listen to this extended clip of a Texas German speaker and identify some of its features (I know it might initially just sound like an American with a strong accent speaking standard German, but listen more closely and you'll notice distinct syntactic and lexical differences): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1_dH403pqRU
Compare Texas German with Pennsylvania Dutch. What are the differences? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mhUPyhsnlQ8
If Spanish is your F1 or F2, I would like you to investigate Spanglish and compare its features with standard Spanish. If French is your F1 or F2, I'd like you to investigate Cajun French and compare its features with standard French. In addition, answer the following questions: approximately how many speakers does the dialect have? Where is the dialect spoken (and taught, if applicable)? Are there any controversies associated with the dialect?
As was the case last week, you are welcome to send your work to me via email.
Links that might be of interest:
Ellis Island's (the famous port of entry in New York) passenger search engine with which you can look up ancestors who were registered (the last hit for "Stavroudis" is my own father): https://www.libertyellisfoundation.org/passenger
Official webpage of the German Free School in Austin, Texas, whose events I attended when I lived there: http://germantexans.org/
The story of one of the US' most famous German immigrants, Levi Strauss: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hlJ911HYEuY
Some of you might be watching the mini-series "Self Made" on Netflix right now. You might be interested in checking out these short videos on Madam C.J. Walker: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wEKXMHIGmrQ
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DLpT97qXLKk
And now for some music:
Marian Hill "Got It" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iAMhMU9EC-w
Esperanza Spalding "Jazz Ain't Nothin' But Soul" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=03MXhKZqG9Y
Spoon "Don't You Evah" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sSu6ixOlzmc
half alive "still feel" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KOOhPfMbuIQ&list=RDKOOhPfMbuIQ&start_radio=1
Bishop Briggs "Dark Side" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=akrnJEjUUm4
J Dilla "Life" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Agl1TgVfls0
Kompetenzerweiterung II, Both Groups, Work for Week Two
Welcome to Week Two! I hope you're hanging in there alright and have enjoyed the miracle of the lovely weather in the past week. Before I list the tasks for this week, the following are a few suggestions / resources:
- consider meeting up with a language buddy via Skype, Zoom, FaceTime, etc. during these weeks to keep your English speaking up to par. This might be with someone from our Komp I class, someone you know from your school days, etc. All the better if it's someone with whom you have a F1 or F2 in common, then you can practice both! If you need help finding a partner, send me an email (with your uni email address, please) and I can connect you with others who also in search of one (by sending me the email you are granting me the permission to pass your uni email onto another student).
- if you are taking the Kompentenzerweiterung II exam in July for the second or third time, please get into contact via email with me as soon as possible. In these cases, I find it best to have a conversation about any concerns you have or challenges you might be facing with regards to the content. This will most likely take the form of a telephone conversation and be scheduled individually.
- in several essays, I made comments on the following errors. Here are some resources concerning how to avoid them in future writing:
Avoiding run-on sentences: https://www.aims.edu/student/online-writing-lab/grammar/comma-splices
Formulating a strong, distinct thesis: https://writingcenter.unc.edu/tips-and-tools/thesis-statements/
Writing good topic sentences: https://wts.indiana.edu/writing-guides/paragraphs-and-topic-sentences.html
Notice that all of these links come from university writing centers, a resource that anglophone unis tend to have. I recommend visiting their main pages and investigating what other resources they have in the form of advice, explanations and exercises (they often have video resources as well).
Now onto our main tasks for the week. Please read the grammar pages on conditionals for Unit 11 and complete all of the exercises. I recommend reading your answers out loud when you are doing work on conditionals. It's one thing to be able to complete the exercises; it's another to be able to spontaneously speak in if-clauses in English (which is your goal). Learn ALL of the vocabulary for Unit 12 and complete all of the accompanying exercises. Please also do the exercises in the Unit 11-12 review as well.
The following is the design of July's exam: one gap fill exercise (all tenses and aspects + conditionals are fair game), one CLOZE exercise (the one-word-per-gap exercise), one word formation exercise (all of the word formation boxes from the book are fair game for the exam), one key word transformation exercise (the exercises that look like this: https://www.flo-joe.co.uk/fce/students/strategy/transfrm/compare2.htm ), one error correction exercise (I will give you a text that includes errors and ask you to proofread and edit the text), one gerund or infinitive exercise (I will give you the beginning of a sentence like "She pretended..." and you must complete it grammatically), and a 250-300 word essay.
The following are some extra exercises for conditionals (it is type 2 conditionals that German speakers often need the most practice with):
https://www.usingenglish.com/quizzes/151.html
https://www.eltbase.com/quiz/5061_01.htm
https://www.grammarbank.com/if-clauses-quiz.html
https://www.usingenglish.com/quizzes/36.html
https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/if_clauses/type_2_statements.htm
Here is englisch-hilfen's main page of all of their conditional exercises, sorted by type: https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises_list/if.htm
This video is a nice, quick review of conditionals: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uDoBdq0s8eY
And this one is good for mixed conditionals: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Mv7fBqauvc
The BBC Learning English channel is an excellent YouTube channel to subscribe to.
The optional writing task this week will keep in the theme of nature and the environment introduced in Unit 12. There are three topics to choose from this week (on the exam, there will be two to choose from):
1. Watch the following video and introduce another sustainable invention that you have either seen in real life and of have dreamt up yourself that you think should be in more widespread use:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r4Cc5zmy0eY&t=41s
2. The following video introduces the concept of biomimicry: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iMtXqTmfta0&t=39s How else can humans learn from nature?
3. If you were a minister for the environment, what policies would you put into place?
Submit your essay of 250-300 words to me at my email address in MS Word by Wednesday, April 1, 2020 at midnight (this is indeed the real deadline and not an April Fool's joke :-) ). Essays submitted after this deadline will be deleted (I'm sorry, but I have to be strict to keep on top of the work coming in).
Monday, March 23, 2020
Kulturraumbezogene Wirtschaftsthemen, Work for Week One
Welcome to the course!
Even though we won't be meeting in person today, I'm still excited about the new semester and hope you are as well. In these days, as always, I hope you will be kind to yourself and to those around you. I personally have found meditation, yoga, and eating well to work wonders in terms of my general mood and as a way to prevent feeling confined in my apartment. I hope these times can have the positive effect of you getting to know yourself a bit better.
The other two instructors of this course and I have coordinated a similar curriculum for the following weeks: we will be posting materials on business topics every week (you will find these materials on Ilias) and you will be working on your first Teilleistung (a detailed description is featured in a document on Ilias). (There will be no online lectures.) This first Teilleistung is due by April 20, 2020 at 10 am. Completing this Teilleistung is your priority for these weeks at home. I will also need you to print out and sign the Teilleistung sign up form (also on Ilias) and send it to me via scan or photo by April 10, 2020.
The reading comprehension tasks, vocab exercises and videos posted on Ilias and this blog are meant to keep you on track and to train you for the written exam (which will consist of a 250-350 word response to a case study, some vocab questions and a short-answer reading comprehension section). I will post sample answers to the reading comprehension questions on Mondays when I upload the new tasks. One article will feature the opportunity for you to submit a 250-350 word essay that I will correct and give you feedback on. This essay (featured in the Economist article's questions this week) must be submitted to me via email by Thursday, March 26th at 5 pm. I unfortunately cannot accept any late submissions.
This week's topic is free trade and you might find this video useful in getting some background with the topic: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5ITyd1Pzek0&t=5s
Sunday, March 22, 2020
Kulturraumstudien USA, Work for Week One
Welcome to the course!
Even though we won't be meeting in person today, I'm still excited about the new semester and hope you are as well. In these days, as always, I hope you will be kind to yourself and to those around you. I personally have found meditation, yoga, and eating well to work wonders in terms of my general mood and as a way to prevent feeling confined in my apartment. I hope these times can have the positive effect of you getting to know yourself a bit better.
In the coming weeks, we'll be focusing on some domains of US culture and society and their influence/impact on the trends of today. There will be no online lectures; everything you need will be provided in weekly posts (on Mondays) here on the blog.
This week, I'd like you to watch this documentary in its entirety on the birth of Hollywood: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o9-iCdUrnJ0
As you are watching, I'd like to a) make a timeline of developments and milestones featured in the film and place them in a greater context (i.e. Who is the US president at this time? What conflicts have just ended/are about to begin? What other breakthroughs are being made in science and technology?) and b) process the content of the documentary critically and make connections (ex. isn't it interesting how TikTok and other short video platforms features a similar user experience to Edison's Kinetoscope?)
Then, read the article "Hollywood Has a Huge Millennial Problem" https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2016/06/hollywood-has-a-huge-millennial-problem/486209/ and answer the questions, "Has Hollywood forgotten what brought people to movies in the early 20th century? Is it in Hollywood's interest to reconnect to these 'roots' to attract millennial viewers?"
Feel free to send both your timelines and your response to these questions to me via email if you'd like.
On a completely different note, each week I'm going to post some of my favorite music from the States just for fun. Feel free to send me your tips as well (only two conditions: it must be connected to the US in some way and it needs to be upbeat or chill). One of my favorite YouTube channels is Amoeba Records' "What's in my bag?" series https://www.youtube.com/user/amoeba where famous musicians feature their store picks. Below is what would be in my bag :-):
Bobby Hebb "Sunny" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J-5xGXpNt74
Gladys Knight & The Pips "I've Got to Use My Imagination" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0kPFrQPdKPM
Lester Flatt and Earl Scruggs "Foggy Bottom Breakdown" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z_Y3mnj-8lA
Neil LeVang "Ghostriders in the Sky" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ir7fjfqzcOM
Eurythmics and Aretha Franklin "Sisters Are Doing It For Themselves" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tbpk3pYrACs
Alice Coltrane "Turiya and Ramakrishna" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QUMuDWDVd20
Kompetenzerweiterung II, Both Groups, Work for Week One
Welcome to the course!
Even though we won't be meeting in person today, I'm still excited about the new semester and hope you are as well. In these days, as always, I hope you will be kind to yourself and to those around you. I personally have found meditation, yoga, and eating well to work wonders in terms of my general mood and as a way to prevent feeling confined in my apartment. I hope these times can have the positive effect of you getting to know yourself a bit better.
My priority for these weeks is that you do as much as possible to prepare well for the exam. There will be no online lectures; everything you need to accomplish this will be provided in weekly posts (on Mondays) here on the blog. As we did last semester, I want our first month to focus on the (new) grammar points relevant for the exam so that we have plenty of time to review in June. Therefore, these first three weeks will focus on the following units of the book (if you do not have the book already, please order Destination C1/C2 with Student Answer Key immediately, ISBN 978-3190629558):
Week One (March 23-27): Units 9-10 + Review Units 9-10
Week Two (March 30- April 3): Units 11-12 + Review Units 11-12
Week Three (April 6-10): Units 25-26 + Review Units 25-26
Using this schedule as a guide, you should complete all of the exercises each week for each of the two units and the review pages. This includes thoroughly reading the grammar pages in the odd units, and learning ALL of the vocabulary in the even units. In addition to this, I will be providing external resources (videos and extra exercises) in each week's post and providing you the opportunity to submit written work each week. These essays MUST be submitted by the deadline provided; I'm afraid that these conditions allow for no exceptions.
I invite you to submit any questions you have to me via email; I will collect these questions and post answers to them each Monday on the blog (generally not individually via email) so that everyone can profit from them.
The following is your work for week one (March 23-27):
Complete all of the exercises for Units 9-10 and the exercises on the review pages for the Units 9-10. I also recommend completing the following online exercises on modals:
https://www.eltbase.com/quiz/200_01.htm
https://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/courses/elc/studyzone/410/grammar/410-modals-of-possibility-and-probability-for-past-situations1.htm
https://www.really-learn-english.com/english-modal-verbs-exercise-01.html
https://sites.uclouvain.be/gramlink/Gramlink-AN/exercices/auxmod/auxmod08.htm
https://www.esl-lounge.com/student/grammar/4g3-modals-deduction-exercise.php
https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/grammar/intermediate-to-upper-intermediate/modals-deductions-about-the-past
https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/could-have-should-have-would-have-exercise-1.html
https://www.ldoceonline.com/exercise/section-advanced-grammar/ (Here, click on "modal verbs" to get a complete drop-down of quizzes and explanations)
This video provides a complete overview of modals (including the basics): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4GMU08J98MQ
For your writing assignment, please visit the following page and scroll down until you see "discussion topics" on the right-hand margin: https://www.nytimes.com/roomfordebate Click on one of these topics and select one of the questions. Read all of the responses to the question and then write your answer, pretending that your essay would be published among the other contributions (this means no repeating someone else's essay or thesis one-to-one). Submit your essay of 250-300 words to me at my email address in MS Word by Wednesday, March 25th at midnight. Essays submitted after this deadline will be deleted (I'm sorry, but I have to be strict to keep on top of the work coming in).
Even though we won't be meeting in person today, I'm still excited about the new semester and hope you are as well. In these days, as always, I hope you will be kind to yourself and to those around you. I personally have found meditation, yoga, and eating well to work wonders in terms of my general mood and as a way to prevent feeling confined in my apartment. I hope these times can have the positive effect of you getting to know yourself a bit better.
My priority for these weeks is that you do as much as possible to prepare well for the exam. There will be no online lectures; everything you need to accomplish this will be provided in weekly posts (on Mondays) here on the blog. As we did last semester, I want our first month to focus on the (new) grammar points relevant for the exam so that we have plenty of time to review in June. Therefore, these first three weeks will focus on the following units of the book (if you do not have the book already, please order Destination C1/C2 with Student Answer Key immediately, ISBN 978-3190629558):
Week One (March 23-27): Units 9-10 + Review Units 9-10
Week Two (March 30- April 3): Units 11-12 + Review Units 11-12
Week Three (April 6-10): Units 25-26 + Review Units 25-26
Using this schedule as a guide, you should complete all of the exercises each week for each of the two units and the review pages. This includes thoroughly reading the grammar pages in the odd units, and learning ALL of the vocabulary in the even units. In addition to this, I will be providing external resources (videos and extra exercises) in each week's post and providing you the opportunity to submit written work each week. These essays MUST be submitted by the deadline provided; I'm afraid that these conditions allow for no exceptions.
I invite you to submit any questions you have to me via email; I will collect these questions and post answers to them each Monday on the blog (generally not individually via email) so that everyone can profit from them.
The following is your work for week one (March 23-27):
Complete all of the exercises for Units 9-10 and the exercises on the review pages for the Units 9-10. I also recommend completing the following online exercises on modals:
https://www.eltbase.com/quiz/200_01.htm
https://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/courses/elc/studyzone/410/grammar/410-modals-of-possibility-and-probability-for-past-situations1.htm
https://www.really-learn-english.com/english-modal-verbs-exercise-01.html
https://sites.uclouvain.be/gramlink/Gramlink-AN/exercices/auxmod/auxmod08.htm
https://www.esl-lounge.com/student/grammar/4g3-modals-deduction-exercise.php
https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/grammar/intermediate-to-upper-intermediate/modals-deductions-about-the-past
https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/could-have-should-have-would-have-exercise-1.html
https://www.ldoceonline.com/exercise/section-advanced-grammar/ (Here, click on "modal verbs" to get a complete drop-down of quizzes and explanations)
This video provides a complete overview of modals (including the basics): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4GMU08J98MQ
For your writing assignment, please visit the following page and scroll down until you see "discussion topics" on the right-hand margin: https://www.nytimes.com/roomfordebate Click on one of these topics and select one of the questions. Read all of the responses to the question and then write your answer, pretending that your essay would be published among the other contributions (this means no repeating someone else's essay or thesis one-to-one). Submit your essay of 250-300 words to me at my email address in MS Word by Wednesday, March 25th at midnight. Essays submitted after this deadline will be deleted (I'm sorry, but I have to be strict to keep on top of the work coming in).
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